钠基蒙脱石对菜籽油中磷脂的吸附行为研究

为了解钠基蒙脱石（sodium montmorillonite, Na-MMT）在油脂脱胶过程中的吸附行为以及吸附机理,采用钠化方法将钙基蒙脱石制备成Na-MMT,并对其进行X射线衍射和热重分析;利用Na-MMT对菜籽油中的磷脂（phospholipids, PL）进行吸附,探讨PL在Na-MMT上的静态吸附平衡、吸附动力学和吸附热力学。结果表明,Na-MMT对PL的最大理论吸附量为833.3mg/g;Na-MMT对PL的吸附是属于优惠吸附,吸热且自发进行。Freundlich吸附模型能够较好地拟合其静态吸附行为;同时拟二级吸附动力学模型适用于描述Na-MMT吸附PL的动力学特性。 [     

大豆干物质积累、分配与收获指数研究

对不同熟期类型大豆种质收获指数进行比较分析,结果表明：在同一熟期种质之间,收获指数可以作为评价丰产性的指标之一,但不同熟期类型间没有可比性。     

杂交大豆吉育606栽培要点及制种技术

吉育606具有高产稳产、抗逆性强、适应性广等特点。2013年通过吉林省农作物品种审定委员会审定。一般4月下旬5月初播种,保苗16-18万株/hm2,其高产制种技术是选择适宜的制种基地,合理安排播期和行比,及时放蜂,安排有效隔离距离,严格去杂确保种子纯度等。     

草豆蔻不同部位挥发油化学成分GC-MS分析

采用水蒸汽蒸馏法分别提取草豆蔻种子、果壳和叶的挥发油,并采用GC-MS进行分析.结果表明:从草豆蔻种子、果壳和叶的挥发油中分别鉴定出47、52和61种化合物,占各部位挥发油总量的98.61％、99.26％和97.77％.3者共鉴定出81种化合物,其中有28种化合物是共有成分,21种化合物在草豆蔻挥发油化学成分的研究中尚未见报道.可见草豆蔻不同部位挥发油化学成分存在一定程度的差异,在资源的研究开发中值得重视.     

椰子油的生理活性(Ⅴ)：代谢与平衡

椰子油是热带地区主要的木本油料作物和食品能源,具有许多重要的生理功能。本文主要综述椰子油在调节血浆胆固醇、血脂,保护动脉,调节新陈代谢,改善体内氮平衡,胰腺分泌及维生素吸收和促进新生婴儿健康等对机体的生理活性作用。     

油茶林养分管理研究进展

科学施肥是提高油茶产量的关键,油茶林养分管理研究则是科学施肥的理论基础。围绕油茶养分需求特性、油茶林养分循环过程、油茶营养诊断和施肥效应等问题,综述我国科技工作者在油茶林养分管理方面开展的研究工作及取得的成果。     

油棕抗寒性研究进展

低温是限制油棕生长发育和分布的重要因素。本文综述油棕在低温胁迫下生长特性、酶活性、渗透调节物质等生理生化方面的适应性变化和解剖结构的变化,油棕抗寒分子生物学方面的研究进展;提出在油棕抗寒性研究中存在的问题,并对未来的研究工作进行展望,旨在为油棕抗寒品种的选育及鉴定提供参考。     

Effect of Waterlogging During Vegetative Stage On Growth And Yield in Supernodulating Soybean Cultivar Sakukei 4

Abstract

The Supernodulating Soybean Cultivar Sakukei 4 Was Previously Characterized By Its Superior Capabilities of Nitrogen (N) Fixation and Photosynthesis, and Was Expected To Be High Yielding. Since The N Absorption By Sakukei 4 Is Largely Dependent On N Fixation, It May Be Strongly Affected By Waterlogging During The Vegetative Stage, Which Occurs Frequently in Major Soybean Producing Areas. in This Study, We investigated The Reduced Growth and Yield Resulting From Waterlogging DuringVegetative Stage and The Subsequent Recovery in Sakukei 4, in Comparison With Those in The Normally-Nodulating Cultivar Enrei and Non-Nodulating Genotype En1282. Under The Field Conditions, The Reduction of Growth and Yield By Waterlogging Was Greatest in En1282 Among The Three Genotypes, indicating That Capability of N Fixation Is Essential For The Recovery From Waterlogging-induced injury. The Waterlogging-induced Yield Reduction in Sakukei 4 Resembled That in Enrei, Although Growth Reduction Was Greater in Sakukei 4 Than in Enrei. Irrespective of Cultivar, The Yield Was Associated More Closely With The Crop Growth Rate (Cgr) During The Post-Treatment Stage Than With That During The Waterlogging Treatment. in The Pot Experiments, Yields Positively Correlated With Both Above- and Underground Plant Parts Irrespective of Cultivar, Not Significantly, But Significantly With Root Dry Weights in Enrei and With Nodule Dry Weights in Sakukei 4. These Results indicate That Sakukei 4 Exhibits A Marked Decrease in Dry Matter Production By Waterlogging, But Yield Decrease Is Compensated To A Level Similar To That of Enrei Because of Its Enhanced Nodule Growth During The Recovery Stage.     

Pod Dehiscence in Relation to Chemical Components of Pod Shell in Soybean

Abstract

The relationship between chemical components of pod shell and pod dehiscence was investigated using 25 soybean cultivars; 16 with easily dehiscing pods (susceptible cultivars) and 9 with hardly dehiscing pods (resistant cultivars). After air-drying for about three weeks, the pod shells were ground and analyzed for the contents of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), hemi-cellulose (HCe), cellulose (Ce), uronic acid and calcium. The correlation of the contents of chemical components with the percentage of pod dehiscence (%PD) was examined by principal component analysis. The first principal ingredient score was given by the formula; score = – 0.421[ADF] – 0.038[ADL] + 0.821[HCe] – 0.382[Ce] + 20.556, where, [ADF], [ADL], [HCe] and [Ce] are percentage of each component in dried pod shell. This score gave an eigenvalue of 30.2 and contribution rate of 97.1%, and the score was higher in the susceptible cultivars than in the resistant cultivars on the average. The multiple regression analysis of the relationship between %PD and the content of chemical components also showed that %PD was best predicted by the regression equation with two chemical components, [HCe] and [Ce]. Water retention capacity and cellulose crystallinity of the pod shell were less different between the susceptible and resistant cultivars. The results in this study suggested that the chemical analysis of dry pod shell may provide useful information on breeding and selection of the resistant cultivars.     

Effects of Waterlogging on Nitrogen Fixation and Photosynthesis in Supernodulating Soybean Cultivar Kanto 100

Abstract

The supernodulating soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivar Kanto 100 was previously characterized by superior nitrogen (N) fixation and photosynthesis, and resulting in high yields. However, this cultivar seems to be susceptible to waterlogging during the vegetative growth stage, which frequently occurs in major soybean producing areas in East Asia. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of waterlogging on nodulation, N fixation and photosynthesis in Kanto 100 with those in its normally-nodulating ancestral cultivar Enrei. Kanto 100 and Enrei were grown in pots, and subjected to waterlogging for 10 days at three vegetative growth stages in 2003 and 2004. Waterlogging significantly reduced the number of nodules of both cultivars, but the magnitude of the reduction was more pronounced in Kanto 100. The acetylene reduction activity (ARA) of nodules and apparent photosynthetic rate (AP) of leaves were generally depressed immediately after the start of waterlogging, but both functions recovered substantially at the pod-filling stage in both cultivars. No marked cultivar difference was found in the magnitude of the reduction of ARA per plant and AP measured immediately after waterlogging and at the pod-filling stage in both years, but growth impairment was more pronounced in Kanto 100 in 2003. These results suggest that the supernodulating cultivar Kanto 100 is more susceptible to waterlogging than its normally-nodulating ancestral cultivar.